The base form of cocaine is created by processing the drug with ammonia or sodium bicarbonate baking soda and water, then heating it to remove the hydrochloride to produce a smokable substance. National Institutes of Health. Drug Topics. More Drug Topics. Quick Links. Two forms of cocaine are: The white crystalline powdered form can be sniffed through the nose snorted or dissolved in water and taken through a vein intravenously, or IV.
It can also be taken by mouth or rubbed onto the gums. The freebase form, which has had impurities removed with solvents, is smoked. Crack is a smokable, freebase cocaine made from powdered cocaine hydrochloride. It is also called chips, chunks, or rocks. The name crack came about because of the crackling sound that it makes when it is smoked.
Use of cocaine can lead to serious health problems, including: Changes in heart rhythm and heart attack. Headache, seizure, and stroke. Loss of smell, persistent runny nose, nosebleeds, hoarseness, and destruction of the nasal separation nasal septum when the drug is snorted.
Bowel tissue death. Damage to the kidneys. Serious infections, HIV, hepatitis , or allergic reactions when injected into a vein. Weight loss and poor nutrition from loss of appetite.
Signs of use Possession of drug paraphernalia, such as syringes, spoons with smoke stains, small pieces of glass, and razor blades Persistent runny nose and nosebleeds, which may point to the snorting of cocaine "Track marks" where it has been injected into veins Long periods of time without sleeping or eating Personality changes. Credits Current as of: February 11, What is the difference between cocaine and crack?
What does it feel like to use cocaine? Can you become addicted to cocaine after using it once? How many people use cocaine? What are the symptoms of cocaine withdrawal? What options are available to treat cocaine addiction?
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